Fuel dumping (fuel jettison) is a procedure used by aircraft in certain emergency situations before a return to the airport shortly after takeoff, or before landing short of the intended destination (emergency landing) to reduce the aircraft's weight.
Mainly Aircraft have two major weight limits. They are Maximum Takeoff Weight and Maximum Structural Landing Weight. Fuel dump is affect for Maximum structural Landing Weight. Now you can clearly understand about fuel jettison.
Dump Rates
It can be change from the type of the aircraft. Normally B747 dump rate is ton per minute to two ton per minute. Formula for dump time is, dump time = (dump weight / 2) + 5 in minutes.
Fuel dump nozzle of A380-841 British Airways
Fuel dumping on A380-841
Recent Fuel Jettison
Delta Air Lines Flight 89 was a scheduled flight from Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) to Shanghai Pudong International Airport. On January 14, 2020, the plane encountered engine problems shortly after departing Los Angeles International Airport. While preparing for an emergency landing on its airport of origin, it dumped fuel over the surrounding areas adjacent to the city of Los Angeles, resulting in skin and lung irritation in at least 56 people on the ground and triggering a Federal Aviation Administration investigation. The plane returned to Los Angeles International Airport without any further problems.
Delta b777 on Fuel dumping
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